Gas burning and heating apparatus



(No Model.)

W. H. BRADLEY. GAS BURNING AND HEATING APPANATUS. No. 424,852.

Patented Apr. 1, 1890 Mrezaior N. PETERS Pllcm-Lilhcgmphur. Wuhin mn. 11cv UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\VILLIAM II. BRADLEY, OF ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA.

GAS BURNING AND HEATING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 424,852, dated April 1, 1890.

Application filed December 26, 1889. Serial No. 335 ,058. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that 1, WILLIAM H. BRADLEY, a citizen. of the United States, residing at Allegheny, in the county f Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Improvements in Gas Burning and Heating Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to that class of apparatus employed to effect the combustion of gas and atmospheric air for heating and other purposes.

It is the object of my said invention to pro vide a simple apparatus which may be constructed in any desired form and of any size, whereby gas of natural or artificial production may be burned in conjunction with air, the latter being introduced separately and commingled with the gas within the sphere of combustion, whereby it is superheated before burning, and a rapid circulation and supply of air to the burner is insured, producing a complete combustion and a perfect consumption of the products of combustion, enabling the richest hydrocarbon gases to be burned without smoke, giving a clear and brilliant flame, and intensifying and increasing the heat.

It is my purpose, also, to provide a simple and inexpensive con stru ction of burner which may be introduced and used in heating, cooking, and other apparatus, and be placed either within an old form of such apparatus or in an especially-oonstructed device, the burner being of any shape and size, according to the purpose for which it is to be used, and being provided with one or more air-ducts, which enter and traverse the primary or gas chamber and discharge within a secondary airchamber, whence the superheated air is expelled through numerous exits and mingled and burned with the unconsnmed gas and with the products of combustion rising from the exterior of the primary chamber, entirely consuming the smoke, giving an intense heat and prodncinga material economyin the consumption of gas.

The invention consists in the several novel features of construction and new combinations of parts hereinafter fully described, and

then definitely pointed out in the claims following this specification.

To enable others skilled in the art to practice my said invention, I will describe the same in detail, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of one form of heater embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is a central vertical longitudinal section of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a sectional elevation showing a difiierent form of burner adapted to circular openings.

In the said drawings, the ref erence-nu meral 1 designates the burner-casing, which may be constructed of iron, clay, or other refractory material. As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, this casing is in shape a frustum of an oblong pyramid, and it maybe of any relative width and length, or it may be circular, as shown in Fi 3, in which case it will be a frustum of a cone. Theinterior of the casing 1 is divided into two parts by a horizontal partition 2, forming a lower primary or gas-combustion chamber 3 and an upper or secondary aircombustion chamber 4. Entering the chamber 3 through the bottom of the casing is a gas-supply pipe 5, of suitable dimensions, according to the size of the burner.

Passing through the bottom of the burnercasing 1 are two air-dncts 6, which traverse the primary chamber 3 and pass through the partition-wall 2, discharging within the secondary chamber 4. These ducts draw their supply of air from any suitable source, whether the same is exterior to the building or not. The gas-pipe 5 may derive its supply from a natural-gas main, or it may receive manufactured gas-either coal-gas or any form of 11ydrocarbon gas.

The pyramidal or conical wall of the burner is perforated at uniform intervals by small openings 7. The gas entering the chamber 3 is burned at these exits; but its consumption is only partial. As the unconsumed constituents rise, together with the products of combustion, they mingle with the jets of air which flow through the openings leading from the secondary chamber at, whereupon a further and complete combustion ensues, due to the sudden admixture with the partially-spent gas of a body of heated atmospheric air, whereby an intense and complete ignition takes place, the previously-unconsumed gas and the products of the previous incomplete combustion being revived by the fresh supply of oxygen obtained from the superheated atmospheric air, and burning, under the forced draft produced, with great intensity and high heat.

I have shown in Figs. 1 and 2 two air-ducts; but I may employ one or more up to any number that may be required. I may also make the burner in the form substantially of a f rustum of a cone, as shown in Fig. 3, to enable it to be used in connection with an apparatus having a circular opening.

The invention may be used in connection with fireplaces, grates, or hearths and stoves of any kind, as well as in boiler-furnaces and otherlocations where a steady and easily-regulated heat is required.

I have shown in Fig. 3 a single air-pipe and a single gas-pipe only; but I may use any desired number of each, arranged in any manner suited to the purpose.

This invention permits the consumption of gas at exceedingly low pressures or at any pressure that may be employed.

As already set forth, I may use a single airburner or more than one, the same having no connection with the gas-burner, but being simply placed thereon and supplied by separate air-pipes. The latter may be made from gaspipe or any other suitable tubing.

hat I claim is A gas-burner consisting of a casing or shell divided by a horizontal partition into a lower gas-chamber and an upper air-chamber, the side walls of each of which are provided with numerous j et-orifices, a gas-pipe opening into the gas-chamber, and an air-pipe extending through the gas-chamber and opening into the air-chamber, substantially as shown and described.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

WILLIAM H. BRADLEY. lVitnesses:

WILLIAM BARKER, J r., JAMES A. BRADLEY. 

